Does my Teen have ADHD?
Adolescence brings new ADHD symptoms in teens due to hormonal changes and mood swings. This guide explains how these changes affect teens' executive functions, emotions, and decision-making skills, and how to protect their health.
Common ADHD Symptoms in Teens:
Distractibility and lack of focus
Disorganization and forgetfulness
Self-focused behavior
Hyperactivity and fidgeting
Heightened emotionality and rejection sensitivity
Impulsivity and poor decision-making
Poor concentration and trouble finishing tasks
Understanding ADHD in Teens: ADHD symptoms in teens can vary by subtype (inattentive, hyperactive/impulsive, or combined) and comorbidities. Teens may excel in certain activities, which can confuse parents and caregivers who might see ADHD as a lack of willpower. However, ADHD is due to brain chemistry issues, not willpower.
Prevalence and Impact: About 9.4% of U.S. children aged 2-17 are diagnosed with ADHD. 80-85% of preteens continue to experience symptoms into adolescence, and 60% into adulthood. Symptoms can worsen during puberty due to hormonal changes and increased academic and social pressures.
Diagnosis: ADHD is often diagnosed in primary school, but inattentive symptoms might be missed until high school or university. Diagnosis requires a history of symptoms in multiple settings before age 12, often involving input from parents, teachers.
Risks for Teens with ADHD:
Drug and Alcohol Abuse: Teens with ADHD are more prone to substance abuse due to peer pressure and low self-esteem.
Automobile Accidents: Teens with ADHD are at higher risk of accidents due to distractibility and impulsivity.
Medication Diversion: Teens may misuse or be asked to share their ADHD medication, which is illegal and dangerous.
Comorbid Conditions: Teens with ADHD are at higher risk for anxiety, depression, and oppositional defiant disorder.
Specific Risks for Girls: Girls with ADHD face higher risks of pregnancy, STDs, and depression.
Treatment: ADHD treatment includes medication, behavior therapy, diet changes, exercise, and sufficient sleep. Teens may resist medication, so open communication and involving them in treatment decisions is important. Adjustments in medication may be needed during the teen years due to physical and hormonal changes.
Parental Support: Parents should support their teens by:
Teaching life skills gradually
Monitoring their teen's schedule
Helping them understand when to ask for help
Avoiding overreactions to their behavior
Conclusion: Managing ADHD in teens requires patience, understanding, and collaboration with healthcare professionals. With proper treatment and support, teens with ADHD can thrive and minimize risks.
Ref: ADHD Symptoms in Teens: Signs & Treatments in Adolescence (additudemag.com)
